measuring water activity in foods
Biology:planning an investigation to test a factor’s effect on enzyme activity – please help?
I have to plan an experiment based on the question above ^, with the factors being either temperature, pH or substrate concentration.
I’ve thought of trying the effect of temperature on the enzyme lipase, but am not sure how I can use this in an experiment.
I’ve done an experiment about the effect of temperature on trypsin (breaking down casein in milk) before – can you do a lipase experiment similar to this, by mixing lipase and milk in test tubes placed at different temperatures in water baths? And what do you measure – the time it takes for the lipase to break the milk into fatty acids and glucose? :/
I know about the ethanol emulsion test – seeing if a lipid is present in a food sample – but can I do an experiment like this to see if temperature affects this? Is this even anything to do with lipase?
I’m so confused! Any help will be much appreciated. Thank you!
I did an experiment like this but we used the spectrometer instead of the ethanol emulsion test. We also used a different enzyme…It was so long ago though.
Lipase is an enzyme that breaks up fatty acids so maybe the ethanol emulsion test might work. Well how about using the ph to see how fast the reaction is going. As the lipase is working the solution should get acidic so maybe you can use an indicator to see how temperature affects the rate. I don’t know about the emulsion but you can design a test based on ph if you use the right indicator, variable temperature evem add a base to the milk and see how fast the acid neutralizes it.
Just design your experiment carefully ok.
measuring water activity in foods
Dangers of Contaminated Water
You can’t see them. Neither can you feel them. But both bottled water and tap water may contain contaminants – like aluminum, chlorine, and lead – that can affect your health.
By law, piped water from your faucet and bottled water should have “acceptable” or low levels of contaminants and should be free from harmful organisms that cause typhoid fever, gastroenteritis, cholera, and other water-borne diseases.
Despite these rigid measures, water can be contaminated as a result of human activity or nature. And even if contaminants are under the government’s legal limit, they can still pose a threat to vulnerable groups like pregnant women and people with cancer or AIDS.
Drinking contaminated water can lead to a host of problems aside from the fact that it can ruin your skin! As you know, water is essential for healthy and beautiful skin. It helps eliminates toxins from the body and makes the skin soft, smooth, and wrinkle-free.
Dirty or contaminated water, however, can affect your health and cause diseases that also affect your skin, making you look old and ugly. To show you what I mean, here’s a roundup of possible contaminants in drinking water that can cause problems:
Aluminum – is found almost everywhere – in cooking pots and utensils, antacids, baking powder, food additives, underarm deodorants, and water. High brain levels of aluminum, however, are found in people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. It has also been associated with dementia. In animals, this element causes epilepsy and other nerve disorders.
Chlorine – is used to disinfect water but it also reacts with organic matter in water to form chloroform and other trihalomethanes (THM) which may increase the risk of bladder and rectal cancers and cause miscarriage. It also affects the taste and smell of water.
Lead – is picked up from corroded or lead-soldered pipes and brass faucets when it reaches your home. This metal can cause impotence and sterility in males and damage the nervous system, heart, bones, and kidneys. It can also cause hearing loss and learning disabilities in children.
To avoid these problems, don’t drink water of unknown safety and have your water tested regularly at government certified testing laboratories. For wrinkle-free skin, drink lots of clean water, more so if you’re exercising or always on the go. This will prevent dehydration that can lead to kidney stones and urinary tract infections among others.
To maintain your skin’s youthful glow, use Dermaxin. This popular anti-aging cream works like Botox but won’t harm your health and wallet in the long run. Dermaxin moisturizes, hydrates, and revitalizes the skin to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, and help rebuild beautiful skin. Check out http://www.dermaxin.com for details.
About the Author
Janet Martin is an avid health and fitness enthusiast and published author. Many of her insightful articles can be found at the premiere online news magazine http://www.thearticleinsiders.com.
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