water hardness chart
Water test results, help me decifer?
I live in northern Ohio, and I had my water tested! My PH is 7 ppm, Total dissolved solids are 350, Iron is 3.5, and my Hardness is 12! Is there a chart or something that tells me that my PH is high or low, my Iron is low or High, blah blah blah………. I just want to know where my water stands, and what needs fixed! Like I need a water softner, and Iron filter …………. can anybody tell me?
The lab doing the testing should be able to provide that information.
This website may help:
http://www.engr.uga.edu/service/extension/publications/c819-9c.html
water hardness chart
Fish Finders Work Hard to Locate and Put You on Top of a Big Catch
Fish finders are the best tool to use so you can find and place your boat on top of the fish. All fish finders use sonar to scan the water. A sound wave is sent from the fish finder through the water forming a cone. When an object is detected, the fish finder measures the amount of time between when the sound wave was sent and when it bounced back to the unit and is displayed on the screen.
If the sound wave does not detect anything it hits the bottom. Soft bottoms such as mud will absorb the signal while hard bottoms like rock will reflect a stronger signal and send it back. The small differences in reflections are displayed on the screen and this shows how the bottom is read.
Cone angles are the measurement of the sonar beams in degrees. They are measured at “-10db” which is a way the measurement is consistent from one transducer to another and to accurately represent the capability of the fish finder. Each manufacturer and fish finder model have different cone angles. Humminbird uses an advanced multi-beam system that sends 2, 3 or even 6 sonar beams while most of the other brands use 1 sonar beam.
Here is a quick reference chart for the covered area for a specific cone angle.
Example: If you are fishing at a 10 foot depth and a cone angle of 20 degrees, the area on the bottom is 3.5 feet.
20 degrees -0.35 or roughly 1/3 of depth
24 degrees -0.42 or roughly 2/5 of depth
30 degrees -0.53 or roughly 1/2 of depth
40 degrees -0.72 or roughly 3/4 of depth
50 degrees -0.93 or roughly 9/10 of depth
60 degrees -1.15 x depth
70 degrees -1.4 x depth
73 degrees -1.48 x depth
80 degrees -1.68 x depth
90 degrees -2 x depth
100 degrees -2.38 x depth
110 degrees -2.85 x depth
Fish targets will be displayed as a Fish ID symbol or an “arch” which is an unprocessed sonar return, the choice will be yours. Fish ID symbols are determined from a suspended shape being analyzed from the sonar beam to see if it is a fish. If a fish is detected, it is seen on your display as a fish graphic. Arches are displayed from the characteristics of the sonar. Fish that pass through the beam are seen as an arch on the screen. The sensitivity setting of the unit, depth of water, boat speed and location of fish will determine the size of the arch.
Clarity of the water, strong winds or currents can create air pockets and has a lot to do with the integrity of the signal. Small mineral particles such as algae, plankton or other microorganisms can absorb the sound wave instead of reflecting it back to the unit. The action of the waves will also determine the amount of air in the equation and affect the reading.
Transducers are mounted in the water on the inside of the hull, on the transom or on the trolling motor. From a cable connected from the transducer to the fish finder, an electrical signal is taken from the transmitter and turns it into sonar. The transducer should always be mounted straight down and away from motors or any other obstructions.
There are two different types of display screens available. An LCD screen is measured in pixels which shows the sonar information. The more pixels there are the clarity of the image will be better. FSTN displays provide a high contrast image for easy reading that can be seen from anywhere on the boat. They use grayscale technology that offers more detail by showing the sonar image in different shade of gray which can easily distinguish what the bottom is and what the fish are.
About the Author
By:Marc Dorin
http://www.fishfindergarage.com/
How do I lower the ph and hardness levels?
I am setting up a 50 gallon freshwater hexagon tank and used city water. After putting in the required amount of conditioning salt my ph and hardness readings were high, off the chart. I have put in about 170g of neutral ph regulator and both readings are still just as high. I am wanting to establish a community fish tank so I need the ph around 7.0 but what about the hardness level? Do I need to bring the hardness level down in order to get the ph to lower?
Yes, your kH directly effects your pH. What is your reading out of the tap, then the reading of the same water after a few days?
Do not use products like “PH-UP or DOWN” or neutralizer. As they are very unsafe and not stable. A high steady pH is safer than one that fluctuates.
Actually a pH of 7.0 isn’t needed to keep a healthy tank. Just a pH within the range the fish you want to keep need (RESEARCH FIRST!). Most fish tolorate a wide range, as long as it’s doesn’t fluctuate.
Don’t mess with your pH unless you have to. And fish can usually tolorate a higher pH versus a lower one.
You can use buffering elements to keep your ph lower. Like driftwood or peat. But don’t do this unless you need to.
Here’s a great link for the first-time freshwater tank owner on pH.
http://www.firsttankguide.net/ph.php
Lec 25 | MIT 3.091 Introduction to Solid State Chemistry
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