water use statistics
How do I figure out this business statistics problem?
Before going on vacation for a week, you ask your spacey friend to water your ailing plant. Without water, the plant has a 90 percent chance of dying. Even with proper watering, it has a 20 percent chance of dying. And the probability that your friend will forget to water it is 30 percent. What’s the chance that your plant will survive the week?
[Hints: let event A = plant is alive; event D = plant is dead; even W = plant was watered; first establish what is event A the sum of; then calculate P(A); to get the answer you have to use conditional probability twice.]
So far, all I have is P(A) = P(A and W) + P(A and W’)
= .80 + .10
= .90
I don’t know what else to do. Please help. Thanks! 
see too:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability
Key concept… sum of all chances must equal 1 = 100/100 = 100%
chance of death…
(30/100 * 90/100) + (70/100 * 20/100) =
27/100 + 14/100 = (27+14)/100 =
41%
thus…
chance of survival…
100% – 41% = 59%
Good luck.
water use statistics
How Safe is your Drinking Water?
You have probably heard of the statistic that recommends that for optimum health, an individual should drink between five and eight large glasses of water a day. At first blush this seems like a fairly obvious proposition; after all, we use water to replenish our bodies and to flush out any impurities we may have.
But what if the impurities are actually found in your drinking water? Canadians don’t have to look very far back to remember the latest drinking water crisis, when the town of Walkerton, Ontario experienced an epidemic of E. Coli that resulted in thousands of people sick and seven dead.
While the Walkerton example is an extreme one, it does illustrate the importance of knowing exactly how your drinking water is being treated. City treatment plants can be highly efficient, but they are as susceptible to failure as anything else. In addition, remember that treatment plants don’t just operate to make water for drinking; most water that goes through them is used for bathing, watering lawns, sewer systems, and so on.
Still, that does not change the fact that most of the water that runs into our homes does have the potential to be sampled by some member of the family. If you have little kids, for example, you know that despite your best efforts, sometimes bath water is going to end up in their system. Therefore, it makes sense to treat any water used within a home as drinking water.
The problem with receiving your water treated directly and solely by local operations is that you really don’t know if there is a problem until it is too late. The water is consumed, and the bacteria or chemicals within the water are already at work by the time everyone realizes that something is amiss; this is exactly what happened in Walkerton.
The way to ensure that your drinking water is safe for you and your family is by taking control of the situation yourself. Not only should you install reasonable home measures for your own drinking water, as a concerned citizen you should do all in your power to ensure that industries within your area are treating their used water in the most effective manner possible.
For the individual, this will usually mean applying methods such as filters and even on occasion chemical treatments, to ensure that purities of all size are removed from drinking water prior to consumption. Don’t rely solely on the methods used by municipal organizations to get clean drinking water into your home; some initiative could mean all the difference to your health.
About the Author
Controlling phosphorus discharged in wastewater by using wastewater management chemicals helps prevent pollution of our important water resources.
probability and statistics?
A company’s manufacturing process uses 500 galloons of water at a time. A “scrubbing” machine then removes most of a chemical pollutant before pumping the water into a nearby lake. Legally the treated water should contain no more than 80 parts per million of the chemical, but the machine isnt perfect and it is costly to operate. Since there’s a fine if the discharged water exceeds the legal maximum, the company sets the machine to attain an aveerage of 75 ppm for the batches of water treated. They believe the machine’s output can be described by a Normal model with standard deviation of 4.2 ppm.
a. the company’s lawyers insist that they no have more than 2% of the water over the limit. To what mean value should the company set the scrubbing machine? assume the standard deviation does not change.
Using the inverse normal feature on your calculator:
The value of z* such that P(Z>z*) = 0.02 is z* = 2.0537
So, (mean) + (std dev)z* = 80
Now plug in std dev = 4.2 and z* = 2.0537, and solve for the mean:
(mean) + (4.2)(2.0537) = 80
mean = 80 – (4.2)(2.0537) = 71.374
So, the company should set their machine to below 71.374 ppm.
World Water Shortage vs. Golf Course Consumption HD
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